This decline is attributed to the slower turnover rate of splenic B cells in aged mice, allowing them to survive longer and signaling to newly generated B cells that peripheral niches are fully occupied [347, 348]
Alcohol Chronic alcohol consumption leads to liver damage through mechanisms involving oxidative stress, release of inflammatory cytokines and the acetaldehyde production [150]
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[DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 41.Knezevic M., Gojkovic S., Krezic I., Zizek H., Malekinusic D., Vrdoljak B., Vranes H., Knezevic T., Barisic I., Horvat Pavlov K., et al
The ketogenic diet: from molecular mechanisms to clinical effects
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